Gas and dust flowing from stars can, under the right conditions, clash with a star's surroundings and create a shock wave.

Shock waves, characterised by rapid pressure, temperature and density changes, have been demonstrated to profoundly influence the properties of crystalline materials. These transient disturbances can ...

The control of small structures and fast modes needs not only more accurate values in the commonly used dimensions (, u, T, P), but also, in fact more essentially, the controls from more dimensions.