One of the most difficult challenges in payment card fraud detection is extreme class imbalance. Fraudulent transactions ...
Abstract: Palpation is a relatively safe, rapid, and low-cost method used by clinicians for examining diseased tissues. However, depending on the scanning speed and the physician’s experience, the ...
Abstract: The belief propagation (BP) algorithm is a widely adopted iterative decoding method for Luby transform (LT) codes. However, the conventional log-likelihood ratio BP (LLR-BP) decoder exhibits ...
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